Effect Of Family Background On Students Academic Achievement

The Skeleton in the Corporate Closet essay

The Skeleton in the Corporate Closet exposition The Skeleton in the Corporate Closet exposition The Skeleton in the Corporate Closet essayWhat is the leader’s job in making and keeping up a moral association? What moves should Hap make to determine his moral dilemma?In the case â€Å"The Skeleton in the Corporate Closet†, significant moral issues are introduced to address the job of the corporate culture in keeping up a moral association. As a matter of fact, the pioneer assumes a significant job in making and keeping up a moral organization.â According to specialists, â€Å"organizational pioneers can utilize hierarchical culture to make esteems that bring about moral or deceptive behavior†(Sims, 2002, p. 310). Hap should take the best possible activities to determine his moral issue. He should settle on a choice how to manage the unwanted data to serve the eventual benefits of the company’s partners. On the off chance that his choice is to make the data open, he ought to assess when and how this data must be discharged. Truth be told, this case i s a confounded one since it requires finding the sufficient moral arrangement. The report which tells about the genuine creator of the company’s item might be uncovered. For this situation, the notoriety of the organization will be harmed. Accordingly, the achievement of the organization on the serious market might be lost. The most significant undertaking is to utilize the correct activity to keep away from the divulgence. Hap ought to follow the moral standards, yet he ought not harm the company’s reputation.What choices does CEO Hap Parker have for overseeing open impression of the firm?Hap Parker, the grandson of the company’s originator is the CEO of GPS. He has a few choices for overseeing open impression of the organization. He realizes that his grandfather’s name ought not be decried. Despite the fact that Hap’s granddad hadn’t developed Parkelite, he utilized his abilities, information and experience to construct the fruitful organi zation that advanced numerous different advancements (Kirby, 2002). The main choice is to follow the counsel of Newland Lowell, GPC’s attorney who expresses that Hap may not reveal the mystery data. All things considered, this proof didn't change the trial’s result. The two individual scientific experts, Hap’s granddad and Karl Gintz, may have been cooperating on the development from the beginning. By and by, the camouflage causes Hap Parker to feel awkward on the grounds that GPC’s corporate culture has consistently been great and shown respectability and validity. It is unjustifiable to obliterate the legend of GPC’s dynamic and reasonable corporate culture and lose validity of 8,000 representatives. The subsequent choice is to make the mystery data open. For this situation, Hap Parker would act morally with respect to Karl Gintz, however the notoriety of the organization would endure. The best choice isn't to disclose the mystery information.Wha t commitments does the CEO, for this situation Hap Parker, have to a corporation’s various stakeholders?The CEO of the organization is Hap Parker. His commitments to a corporation’s various partners, including representatives, providers, the more extensive network and nature, influence the general achievement of the organization. Moral commitments to representatives and providers incorporate setting the model that shows regard for other people. President should serve others, being straightforward and just in dynamic. Chief ought to effectively manufacture a network following the set up code of morals. Chief ought to be open in his managing partners and with network pioneers. Chief should be touchy to different people’s needs, giving consideration and backing to other people (Kuper, 2006).  Undoubtedly, the GPC’s CEO is keen on monetary thriving of the organization and its workers. Hap Parker ought not uncover the mystery data so as to keep the business thriving.

Common Problems Students Face

Common Problems Students Face Common Problems of University Students Home›Tips for Students›Common Problems of University Students Tips for StudentsAs is known, the first-year student of the university, as a rule, is experiencing stress at the first time. This stress is associated with new forms of education, a large amount of information that needs to be absorbed, as well as the nature of the relationship between teachers and students inherent in higher education, and the increasing role of independent student work. From the very first days of training at the university, the student is faced with forms of work that are unusual for him or her. However, not all students can competently dispose of their independence.The Main Problems University/College Students FaceUniversity years can be either daunting or funny period of a student life. Nowadays university students face many difficulties and concerns that affect their academics and careers if not spotted and dealt carefully.There are many different problems students appear to face, but it is important to remember that every problem has its solution. For example, the problem with the studies can be easily solved by QualityCustomEssays.com. If you have an assignment to write an essay on some complicated topic and have neither inspiration, nor time to do this, we will write it for you and you will be satisfied with the result.QualityCustomEssays.com also highlights the most common burning issues so that you can get prepared:Many university students find it difficult being far away from home. With the aim to pursue their education, many students move to different states or even countries. Being far away from the family, the person feels homesick.All day students in universities find financial backing as one of the major concerns nowadays. Current financial instability in the world exposed the students to face inescapable financial issues. Almost all students in universities have to discover alternative ways to fulfill their needs of nutrit ion, housing, entertainment, etc.Link building between a student and a professor is one more burning issue to deal with. Inability to build good relationships with professors lead to low connectivity and create gaps between the two. Some professors are able to create a lot of problems for students just because they want so; however, many professors treat students respectfully and are able to help you to become a good specialist.Problem with the studies is another unavoidable burning issue for every university student. There can be different reasons: a subject that is difficult to grasp, misunderstandings with other students or simply not knowing what to do with the given task. The thing that makes the problem more complicated is that usually a student keeps it to himself or herself.Lack of self-control is another important problems students face.?hallenges in College/UniversityThe conditions of organizing the educational process require students revise the organization of all their time allotted to educational and cognitive activity and rest. Therefore, many learners take many challenges. As practice shows, first-year students who studied well at school, being in the first year of a higher educational institution, often experience organizational difficulties. Therefore, from the very first days of learner training, it is necessary to pay special attention to the most important issues, namely, how to manage your free time and prepare for classes. It is necessary to learn how to select sources, collect information, analyze it, correlate with cognitive tasks, be able to show initiative and creative understanding of the information received independently. In the flow of information coming down on a modern student from various sources, including the Internet, it is sometimes very difficult for him or her to navigate without the skills of properly organizing a cognitive activity and, most importantly, the skills of rational, independent work. These are common proble ms for students.Independent WorkIndependent work is defined as a type of cognitive activity of students; it is carried out on the instructions of the teacher but without their direct participation. In independent work, the goal of each task must be realized; for its implementation, learners rely on their knowledge, subject skills, experience in the study of this discipline, as well as the ability to use teaching aids. Such work contributes to the formation of the important personality traits, for instance, organization, cognitive activity, creative attitude to academic work, and future professional activity.In the practice of universities and colleges, the classroom and extracurricular forms of organizing students independent work have traditionally formed. Classroom assignments include teachers assignments performed by students in the classroom, namely, exercises, work with a textbook, primary source, note taking, problem-solving, etc. This work does not require high mental and cre ative tension. The content of the independent classroom work of students determines the nature of learning tasks. In this regard, the educational technologies of organizing independent classroom work of students require greater revitalization of the student, the use of new information educational technologies, various modes of communication, and forms of control in the learning process. For successful independent work of students in classrooms, it is necessary to develop students critical thinking, initiative, erudition, the ability to argue their point of view, etc. These skills will help to overcome the most serious problems students face.Exploring the Sources of InformationIn the pedagogical process, a significant place is given to the extracurricular independent work of students, which develops their ability to work with special literature, reference books, periodicals, modern information, and communication technologies, as well as with discipline, initiative, independence, and activity in solving the set tasks.The following forms of independent work are the most effective ones.Writing an essay on a given topic.Overview of the topic (written a short literary review on the recommended topic with the involvement of additional material from the press and online information resources).Compiling a glossary (a brief explanation of terms and concepts on a given topic).As practice shows, the overwhelming majority of students tend to abuse the capabilities of Internet resources when compiling an essay or preparing for a lesson comes down to downloading the necessary material, sometimes from unverified and contradictory sources. Today, a student is rarely seen reading textbooks or working in a library, outlining teaching materials from various scientific sources in preparation for classes or exams. All this work is replaced by the mechanical downloading and printing texts, and then reading them in the classroom. Such an attitude to the performance of independent tas ks is unacceptable since such work does not form a system of knowledge and professionally significant skills do not fulfill the developmental and educational functions. Therefore, it is advisable for students to perform tasks oriented to specific literature, with the requirement to compile a thesis, outline, annotation, give an assessment and express their own opinion on the problem under study. Such an approach increases the controlling function.Causes of Common Problems for StudentsThe process of adaptation depends on the school life and skills of the future student. There are many definitions of the phenomenon of adaptation. In a generalized form, adaptation is described as a need for an adequate existence in changing conditions, as well as the process of engaging an individual in a new social environment, mastering the specifics of new conditions. Most researchers see the specifics of human adaptation in the ability to actively and consciously influence the environment. Social a daptation is the process of integrating an individual into a social group, implying acceptance of group norms, values, standards, stereotypes, and requirements. The need for adaptation arises when a learner begins to interact with any system in the conditions of a certain disagreement with it, which causes the need for change. These changes may be associated with the person or the system with which he or she interacts, as well as with the nature of the interaction between them. The all aforementioned means that the trigger mechanism of a person’s adaptation process is a change in his or her environment, in which his habitual behavior is either ineffective or generally ineffective, which necessitates overcoming the difficulties associated with novelty conditions.The financial situation of the students family affects the adaptation of a freshman in university strongly. As a rule, high schools have some needs, which leads to increased costs. The fact that a person cannot afford what others can do has a negative effect on his or her overall self-esteem.When communicating with professors and classmates, the social well-being of a person has a great influence. This concept includes not only personal self-esteem but also satisfaction with living conditions and learning process. Therefore, the adaptation is easier in universities where the material base is sufficient, the necessary teaching materials are available, and the dormitories meet modern standards. In order to involve the first-year students in the educational process, universities hold various events.Here are some useful recommendations on how to solve some common problems for students:Remember that you entered the college/university for studying. Therefore, it is better to give priority to acquiring knowledge but not to entertainment.Be friendly and tolerant.Do not be afraid to take the initiative and demonstrate your outstanding qualities.Be active.Learn how to take notes, work with additional materials, and highlight the main point in the text.Do not miss the opportunity to get acquainted with other students more closely and participate in extracurricular activities.Learn how to control yourself.These recommendations can help you learn how to organize independent work and adapt to new conditions.

Social Media For Promoting And Marketing Films Media Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 22 Words: 6493 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? The effects of social media as a tool used for film marketing and promotion, an investigation of both dependant and independent filmmakers around the world. Abstract This dissertation will help to analyse and evaluate the different ways in which social media as platform is being used as an alternative way to promote and market films by filmmakers in the media industry. Studies were commenced in order to explore the future potential of social media as an industry in the world of film making, as well as to understand the different approaches and steps taken by film makers in order to reach as wide an audience as possible. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Media For Promoting And Marketing Films Media Essay" essay for you Create order Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction 1.1 Research Problem Defined 1 Chapter Two: Literature Review 2.1 The Blair Witch Project 3 2.2 An Introduction to Social Media 5 2.3 The transition by filmmakers to Social Media 7 2.4 Methods used and statistics 9 Chapter Three: Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction 14 3.2 Secondary data 14 3.3 Primary Data 15 3.4 Reflections 15 Chapter Four: Case Studies 4.1 Where The Wild Things Are 17 4.2 Paranormal Activity 19 4.3 Compare and Contrast 21 Chapter Five: Analysis and Findings 5.1 Introduction 22 5.2 Interviews 22 Chapter Six: Conclusion 24 Bibliography Appendix 1.1 Research Problem Defined This dissertation will explore the ins and outs of how and why social media is currently being used by major production companies as well as independent filmmakers all around the world in order to market and promote their films. Up until recently (2009/2010) movie studios had depended largely on highly budgeted advertising campaigns in order to help drive sales and bring in the revenue for their movies. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s world, the situation seems to be changing. Production companies are realizing the true potential that social media has, as a platform, to directly promote and market films to interested audiences. It is efficient, cheap, and effective. One of the most striking realizations is that social media tends to level out the playing field by giving everyone the ability to showcase their work. This means that anyone with an internet connection and a touch of creativity can take part in this new and exciting way of spreading the word of their project. Needless to say, social media is creating a new world where skill and talent in the filmmaking world will be noticed, while the pretenders will eventually be weeded outà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ regardless of status or money. Social media is creating a world of equal opportunities, as seen with Fede Alvarezs short film à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ataque de Panico.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Fede Alvarez who describes himself as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"just a guy from an unknown countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ created his short film à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ataque de Panicoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ with a budget of $300. Within a month of uploading his video on to the website YouTube, Alvarez found himself with a thirty million dollar deal from Hollywood. (https://movingstillmedia.com/613/cracks-in-the-dam-of-digital-distribution). Clearly, this goes to show that with a lot of hard work, a great product, and the right social media tools, the ability to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"make it bigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is indeed possible. Research undertaken in this medium is for the following reasons: To understand the true power and potential that social media has as a platform, as well as to try and comprehend the different ways in which social media is being used, and by whom. Additionally, to discuss the issue with the filmmakers themselves. There are a few reasons as to why I decided to undergo extensive research in the field of social media in the filmmaking industry. This topic was chosen due to my great personal interest and enthusiasm for technology/social media, film making, and photography. As a student, and out of great passion, I have previously worked on multiple independent film and photography related projects, in which the only way of spreading my works was through the online world. This has given me a good understa nding of the ability and potential that social media has, as a platform, in order to create à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"buzzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ around a certain project. This has inspired me to explore the social media landscape in greater depth as well as to take part by signing up and uploading the contents of his work to multiple online platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, Youtube, Vimeo, Digg, WordPress, Tumblr, and Flickr. This has allowed me to share my work, as well as to build a fan base and contact list of people who are interested in my work. The research undertaken was initiated in order to complete the final year of the BA (Hons) Film and Television Fiction degree at the University of Hertfordshire. 2.1 An introduction to Social Media Social media is a term that has only started being used in recent years with the invention of some of the World Wide Webs most popular platforms such us Facebook, Twitter, and Youtube. In its barest form, social media is a technology in the online world (the internet) which allows individuals from all over to contribute by sharing content, ideas, opinions, as well as allowing them to rate, comment, tag, and discuss different ideas and information. There are hundreds if not thousands of websites and applications with this technology built in, but only a select few are known to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"large-scaleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ enough to be affective in terms of marketing and promotion. The obvious main players in the world of social media are world renown websites such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Digg, Linkedin, and Foursquare. What is interesting here is that all of these platforms are known as social media website/web applications, but they all have different purposes. As an example , Youtube is a website dedicated to online video sharing and uploading, whereas Foursquare is a less popular geo-location application. These two platforms may be miles apart in terms of what they are able to provide consumers, but what they do have in common is that they give us the ability to share, comment on, and discuss this contentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and this is what social media is all about. In other words, social media has created a system where anyone with an internet connection is able to constantly provide feedback, in real time, on content that is created by their online à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"contactsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ creating a two way conversation. What is most astounding, and one of the main reasons as to why social media is now being noted as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"game changerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ rather than a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"passing trendà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, is that these social media platforms are available to anyone with access to the internet, and for free. Because of this, we are seeing a great surge of interest in this type of media from all types of businesses. Businesses ranging from online wine selling companies, to major Hollywood production companies, to independent musicians and artists. Social media is being recognized as a more efficient and cost effective way to reach audiences as well as to gain feedback from them in real time. In addition to this, and more importantly, social media is the type of platform in which the people decide whom to follow or become à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"fansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of. This is a very important point to recognize due to the fact that companies, filmmakers, and business owners alike are able to target only those who care about their products, as opposed to traditional forms of marketing where promoting a product is made to the masses, regardless of whether or not they care about the product or company. Social media can be considered as a type of filtering system which allows marketers to focus on a loyal fa n base, whom can in turn, also help spread the word of the company, filmmaker, or business they are fans of. This is especially true for the social network Twitter. As Gary Vaynerchuck, the mastermind behind www.winelibrary.com, put it, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Twitter is word of mouth on steroids.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? These different types of social networks are revolutionizing the ways in which we connect and communicate, and are allowing fans to make a sincere and direct contribution. 2.2 The Blair Witch Project One of the first films to depend mainly on the internet for heavy marketing was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ With ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s great success à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ showed the world that it is indeed possible for anyone with a good idea and decent enough equipment to make it big in the film industryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but it is their smart use of the internet which made the film as popular as it is today. Writer/director Ed Sanchez of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ created à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"buzzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and an online community of followers by starting up a website and stoking the Blair Witch myth (See Appendix 1). By the time Artisan, the independent film company, decided to buy the rights to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ there was already enough talk and anticipation for the movies releaseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ all of which was created only by using the World Wide Web as a direct portal to the secrets of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Web completely levels the playing field; you canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t out-spend somebody on the Web. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s against the grain of every other media; you create a message and give it time to breathe. If the environment is interesting, you can hold onto the fan base longer, as opposed to a 30-second ad thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s here and gone. For us, it was the most important and impactful delivery mechanism,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Hegeman, marketing director of Artisan. (https://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BDW/is_36_40/ai_56023086/). What Hegeman is trying to say is that the internet allows for a type of film marketing in which the individuals are the ones who are looking for certain information, which is a much more authentic, appealing, and powerful way of marketing. In terms of promotion on billboards, magazine covers, and television advertisements, the viewe rs are in some ways being forced to these advertisements, and have no way to go back to them. Although Ed Sanchez and Hegeman did not use social media tools (they had not yet been created) to promote à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ they used the internet in a strikingly similar fashion. Their website was used as a hub for people to digest content as well as to comment and discuss their ideas and opinions. This created a word of mouth sensation which spread to individuals from all over the world. From analyzing both à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and box office hit à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Avatar,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ it is fair to say that social media is a great tool for filmmakers to use for exposure and outreach, but it is up to the filmmakers to find creative and fun ways to incorporate social media in their marketing strategies. Without a doubt, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has gone a long way in facilitating th e transition for filmmakers, especially independent ones, to turn to the online world for marketing and promotion. We have since seen many filmmakers follow in this direction. 2.3 The transition by filmmakers to Social Media Only recently (within the past two years) have filmmakers been dominating the social media landscape. This is true for both independent filmmakers as well as large production companies. For independent filmmakers, social media is proving to be a great way to promote their films due to the simple fact that there is a lot of potential for outreach. In addition to this, independent filmmakers are able to receive constant feed back in real time from their fans, which is a great way to help the filmmaker advance both technically and creatively. Whatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s interesting here is that this transition is happening very naturally. What makes it easy for independent filmmakers to use these social media platforms to promote and market their films is because they are already using these social networks for their personal lives. Social media is giving independent filmmakers the tools and possibilities to do what they could not have done only a few years ago. This being the case, it is a lso true that these social networks can probably get too crowded by independent filmmakers looking to promote and market their filmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the reasons being ease of use and availability. Obviously, this means that only the absolute best and most persistent will survive and end up being the ones noticed in this world of equal opportunities. In terms of production companies, things seem to be a little different. Unlike independent filmmakers, it seems that only a select few production companies are making the move to social media to promote and market their films. This is due to making sure the production companies reputations stays in tact, but things are changing fast. It is fair to note that even though Hollywood spent millions of dollars on advertising James Cameronà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Sci-fi epic à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Avatar,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ a huge part of ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s success was in part due to ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s social media strategy. As Samuel Axon states à ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã…“Avatar has its own Facebook (Facebook), MySpace (MySpace), and Twitter (Twitter) pages. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s getting to be standard these days. The 18,000-follower Twitter account has tellingly not been updated since a few days after the filmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s theatrical release; once the word was out, the job was done. While it was active, though, its followers would retweet updates to their followers, who (if interested) would do the same, spreading the word all over the web. The Facebook Page is even more impressive, with over 700,000 fans.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (https://mashable.com/2010/01/08/avatar-social-media-web/). The creatives behind Avatar took these social media tools and made the most out of them by delivering content to the fans in clever and creative ways. On December 3rd, 09, MTV held a thirty minute Facebook hosted webcast called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Avatar Live,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in which fans were able to ask James Cameron questions about the movie. Additionally, the movies red carpet live premiere was broadcast live on Ustream, sponsored by Myspace, This, without a doubt, is another great way Avatar used social media as a way of exposure as well as creating à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"buzzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ around the film. Just because everyone now has the ability and tools to use social media, it doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t mean that everyone will succeed. As proven by the success of Avatar, it is up to the filmmakers to find creative and fun ways to incorporate social media into a movies marketing strategy. Without a doubt, Avatars great success as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"biggest movie everà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ w ill surely ease the transition by filmmakers to social media. 2.4 Methods used and statistics There are numerous platforms that can be considered social media networks, but only a few have the ability and true potential to successfully promote and market films by film makers and production companies. The obvious three main social media websites are Facebook, Youtube, and Twitter. These online platforms are showing very impressive results for filmmakers, and they continue to dominate and overtake traditional forms of marketing. Facebook: Facebook, the worlds largest social network, with over 400 million people signed up to the service, is the Holy Grail when it comes to social media marketing. Facebooks main feature the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"News Feedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is what separates it from the rest of the competition. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"News Feedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is a section of the social network website in which all of the activity by its users is broadcast for others to see. As simple as this may sound, the effects can be monumental. For example, if an independent filmmaker named à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Xà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ decides to upload his latest film on his personal Facebook fan page, it will also be broadcast on the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"News Feedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section of the website for all of his fans to see. Letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s say a fan named à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ watches the video and decides to leave a comment on the film. Without even knowing it, fan à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ will not onl y be providing the filmmaker with feedback in real time, but he will also be spreading the word of film maker à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Xà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work, as it will be broadcast on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"News Feedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ page for all of his friends to see. So if ten of the filmmaker à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Xà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fans decide to comment or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"likeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ the video, and letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s say that each of the fans have three hundred friends each, then that video is being given the opportunity and potential to be broadcast to over thirty thousand unique visitors. To put simply, keeping in mind the current situation, ten comments on a filmmaker à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Xà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s film would equal to a potential thirty thousand views just by being broadcast on the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"News Feedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of the ten fans. This is the type of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"word of mouthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ power which makes Facebook a very valuable asset to filmmakers. What is even more incredible is that are so many different ways to interact with the content, which makes this type of broadcasting system very appealing to marketers. Also, without a doubt, this à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"word of mouthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ type of marketing is exactly what helps to create viral videos. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Something like 70 to 80 percent of frequent moviegoers under 25 visits Facebook seven or eight times a day.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Daniel Frankel. The fact that over four hundred million people are on Facebook, most of which are moviegoers, only goes to prove how valuable of a tool Facebook can be for filmmakers. Youtube: Youtube, the online portal for uploading and viewing videos with over à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“1 billion views per day!à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (https://techcrunch.com/2009/10/09/youtubes-new-logo-shouts-from-the-rooftops-1-billion-views-per-day/), is one of the major social media tools being used by film makers to promote themselves. Youtube is somewhat similar to other social networks such as Facebook and Twitter in terms of being able to comment and rate content, with the only difference being that it is dedicated to video. This makes Youtube an ideal candidate for film makers to showcase their works. One of the main goals of film makers with in Youtube is for their works to go viral, which tends to give the creator of the content great advertising revenues with in Youtube, as well as free publicity which can eventually lead to bigger deals from production companies as seen with Fede Alvarezs short fim à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ataque de Panico.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Although this may be what film makers within the Youtube community hope for, the possibilities are extremely rare due to the fact that millions of videos are uploaded onto the social network daily, many of which are just useless banter. Exceptions do happen as with the case of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Four Eyed Monsterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ by Buice and Crumley. In simple terms. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Four Eyed Monsterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was kind of a 3-5 minute reality show about the making of their movie. As Adam L. Penenberg explains in his book à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Viral Loop, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Their first podcast was a viral hit and it didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t take long for each new installment to attract sixty-five-thousand downloads via iTunes, YouTube, Google Video, and Myspace.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ This is an impressive feat for a viral video which has earned them a lot of publicity, as well as earned them numerous sold out screenings as well as generous revenues from DVD sales. The most interesting factor here is that Buice and Crumley are key players in changing the way in which films are being distributed. Although luck is an important factor, they have proven that it is completely possible to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"make it bigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ without the need of a distributor. This may be far from how the movie industry works at the moment, but it may just in fact be the future of distributution. Twitter: Twitter, unlike Facebook and Youtube, is a social network based around status up dates. You can choose to follow a person or brand that you are interested in and keep up to date with their information. This is unique because it reverses the current way in which we receive information. Instead of looking for information relating to our favourite filmmaker, company, brand, etc, we can just follow them on Twitter and all of the information comes directly to us. We no longer have to go on to several different websites to receive the information we are looking for. This is especially interesting for filmmakers. An independent film maker can use his Twitter account as a link to their website or any other interesting work they have been up to by redirecting their followers to those pages. This being the case, Twitter acts as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"linkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in order to facilitate the ways in which we find and receive information we are interested in. Another important part of Twitter is the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"trending topicsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section, the retweet feature, as well as the fact that it is based in real time. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"trending topicsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section on Twitter is a place where all of the most talked about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"key wordsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ are featured. This means that if the key word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"filmmakerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ were a trending topic, it would be available for the entire Twitter community (of over thirty million individuals) to see. Needless to say, this is the Holy Grail for Twitter users, and just like the possibilities of creating a viral video on Youtube, it is quite a far fetch. From the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Twilight New Moon Social Media Mania Netà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 81,000 Tweets Per Day,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Jennifer Van Grove paints a clear picture of how Twitter can be used by fans to create à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"buzzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ around a certain movie. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The rest of the tweets, 92% in tot al, paint a very positive picture for New Moon ticket sales. 13% of tweets include twitterers who are trying to plan ahead for their New Moon events, going so far as to use the medium for coordinating viewing parties. As to be expected, the majority of tweets, 59% to be exact, are expressing excitement and counting down the days and the hours until they can catch the flick in theaters.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (https://mashable.com/2009/11/18/twilight-new-moon-stats/). This clearly demonstrates Gary Vaynerchucks quote à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Twitter is word of mouth on steroids.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? The buzz around the movie à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"New Moonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ on Twitter has spread from follower to follower, creating a viral sensation, which has allowed for millions of people to hear about the movieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ all of which is proven to be free promotion. The retweet feature of Twitter is similar to the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"shareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ feature on Facebook. Followers can choose to retweet any status update they like to all of their followers. This would then be available for all of their followers to see, which can certainly help with the promotion and marketing of a certain product, film, etc. Last but not least, and just like on Facebook and Youtube, followers of a certain brand, product, or filmmaker can choose to comment on status updatesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ providing them with valuable feedback in real time. Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction This dissertation has evaluated and come up with a large amount or information pertaining to the idea that social media is increasingly being used by film makers to market and promote their films. The contents of this dissertation are meant to cover three main areas. First of all, and most importantly, is data relating to the rise of social media being used as a platform for filmmakers. Second, the different ways and platforms used in which independent film makers as well as production companies are going about with using social media. Last but not least, an understanding and evaluation of these differences and the impact they have. The information that has been gathered for this dissertation consists of qualitative data from both primary and secondary sources. 3.2 Secondary data Secondary data is the collection and analyzing of other peoples information. With secondary data, the researcher can collect a large variety of information from books, journals, articles, and websites from many different sources. For this dissertation, secondary data was gathered by using the facilities at the University of Hertfordshireà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Library, as well as alternative locations for finding books related to the chosen topic. The Internet was a main source for the researcher to gather information due to the fact that there is not a lot of published works out there about the chosen topic. The data collected from the World Wide Web was informative and up to date. 3.3 Primary Data Primary data is usually the collection of data for specific criteria by conducting interviews, creating questionnaires, and analyzing certain information, etc. The primary data collected for this dissertation is unique to this research. For this dissertation, only one method has been used. Interviews were conducted with filmmakers Gary Nadeau, Stuart Read, and Charles Son. This is in order to try and further understand the topic question, as well as to see real world examples of how filmmakers are currently using social media to promote and market their films. Additionally, we are given different perspectives, opinions, and insights into how they believe that social media film marketing landscape. 3.4 Reflections It proved difficult trying to find published works relating to how social media is being used by filmmakers to market their films. Because social media as a platform, as well as social media being used as a tool to promote and market films is still in ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s early stages, most of the appropriate information discovered was from the online world on websites such as www.mashable.com and www.techcrunch.com. Although a few books were used in this dissertation, they were focused more on social media in general rather than related to film, which made it hard to find specific film examples. The interviews conducted were in order to gain real world insight as to how social media is being used by filmmakersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ all of which was valuable primary research. The interviewees were highly professional and responded within a few days. One of the interviews with speechwriter and consultant Ian Griffin seemed to be unusable for this dissertation due to the fact that it was focused on social media being used by businesses rather than filmmakers. 4.1 Where the Wild Things Are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ written by Maurice Sendak and directed by Spike Jonze, is a Universal Studios released film based on the childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s book by the same author. Although à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has a pretty solid à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"traditionalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ marketing method including posters, billboards, sponsors from Kodak, Urban Outfitters, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ also has a pretty intelligent and top-notch social media campaign. This campaign has led their marketing agency to deliver a Facebook fan page, iphone application, Twitter integration, as well as sponsorship on www.digg.com. All of these social media platforms are being used as different ways for fans to interact with and learn more about the characters and the movie, whilst at the same time allowing them to spread the word to all of their friends via Facebook and Twitter. The logic behind this move is simple. Universal Studios is giving fans a way to sell the movie for them. And the way this is done is via word of mouth throughout the online world, with hopes of creating a somewhat viral type of effect. In order to understand this, we must analyze and comprehend the different ways and methods used by Universal Studios in terms of social media. For the first time ever, the worlds most popular social news website www.digg.com placed a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"sponsoredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ advertisement link which redirected to an article about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ on their website. The social news website Digg would previously only place the most requested articles on their front page. With the introduction of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ being placed on the front page of Digg in the form of an advertisement, a lot of talk surrounded the movie, and with Digg being a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"socialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ news website, a lot of that talk was spread throughout the interweb via integration with Twitter and Facebook. This type of social media integration for the film à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was a smart move, as it was the first of ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s kind and helped spread word of the film in the form of word of mouth. One of the movies greatest uses of social media is its Facebook page (See Appendix 2). With currently over 1.8 million fans, the movies Facebook page surely had a great impact on the films popularity and ticket sales. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The movie version of the popular childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s book Where the Wild Things Are is set to premier this Friday, and its Facebook page appears to be riding the success of a multimedia advertising blitz. It has grown from 72,000 users on the first of the month to 1.37 million fans today. The page itself has been getting updated nearly every day acting as a sort of hub for other promotional efforts. The re are links to various trailer videos, behind-the-scenes footage, music from the film, sneak-peaks and other features. Besides YouTube previews, the Warner Bros. movie also has a nice-looking iPhone app, and even a hipster clothing line.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Eric Eldon. (https://www.insidefacebook.com/2009/10/13/where-the-wild-things-are-on-facebook/). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where the Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has a multimedia based Facebook fan page which is based around content pertaining to the movie. The fan page consists of a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Wild Thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ tab which allows you to customize and take a look at posters, a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Videoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section where fans can watch behind the scenes footage as well as trailers and interview, and finally a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"soundtrackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section where fans can listen to and purchase music from the film. Last but not least, the Facebook fan page has a main à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"wallà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ section where all the information about the movie is updated. Fans can then comment, share, discuss,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"likeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, and much more on all of this content that is being released. This social media integration for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ means two things. First of all, the content we are being given such a s movie trailers and samples of the movie soundtrack are nothing new. Film studios have been releasing trailers, interviews, soundtrack clips, as well as posters for a long time now. What makes it different is that the marketers of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ are releasing this content all in one place, and in a social environment. For most fans, the fact that all of this content is in one place and on their favourite social website, makes it a lot easier for them to keep up to date and informed of the latest on goings of the movie. The fact that all of this content is being delivered to fans in a social content makes it more interesting for fans, as they can see what others think of certain trailers, etc, while giving their own two cents as well. Whilst all of this is going on, unbeknownst to most fans, in a very discreet and indirect way, they are selling the movie for the Universal Studios. 4.2 Paranormal Activity The story of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is very similar to that of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Both movies were produced on a low budget and harnessed the power of the internet in order to build buzz and gain a large enough following for movie studios to buy and release the films nationwide. Unlike à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Blair Witch Project,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ which was created prior to what is known as social media today, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has a different story. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“We have the advantage with all these digital tools of allowing word of mouth to spread much faster than before, which is sending à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? into wide release in more theaters this week.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Amy Powell, senior vice president of interactive marketing for Paramount Pictures Corp. (https://www.seattlepi.com/movies/411245_paranormal16.html). After eight free screenings at theatres acro ss The United States, the producers decided that they would let the fans decide weather or not the movie should be released nation-wide (See Appendix 3). The way they did this is by partnering up with Eventful and using social media to ask viewers to request the nation-wide release of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and only after one million requests would they release the movie. After four days, and a million requests later, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was released nation-wide. With every request, fans would be able to tweet it about it, which has without a doubt contributed greatly to the buzz created for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. What is interesting with this type of social media marketing campaign is that the producers have given the power to the audience. This has never been done before, which was quite a risky move for the producers, but nevertheless proved successful. First of all, it is vital to understand that allowing the audience to decide whether or not the film à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ should be released was a very smart move. By giving fans the power to request the film, they are also given them a feeling that they are being part of a community. Obviously, this would give fans one of the two main reasons to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"tweetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ about the movie and spread the word about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The second reason simply being that if someone requests the movie, it would be because they have an interest in watching that movie, so naturally they will à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Tweetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ about it so that all of their friends will request it as well. This type of marketing is very unique, as it has never been done before due to technological limitations. This is why it is very important to understand that social media is allowing companies and independent film makers to expand on their horizons by finding creative and original ways to reach the large number of people who are using these social media tools for personal reasons. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is also a great example as to how their marketing campaign is designed in a way to make the fans sell the movie for them. 4.3 Compare and Contrast To compare and contrast, both à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ have had great success in using social media as a tool for marketing and promotionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ although in different ways. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ focused mainly on multimedia by delivering content to its fans, whilst à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranormal Activityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ focused more on creating à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"buzzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and letting the fans decide the fate of the movie. These are two extremely different strategies, yet both were based on using the same social media tools. What this means is that social media is not a magic wand that one can wave and turn their film into an overnight success. Social media is a platform with a lot of potential if used in moderate and creative ways by movie studios. In the case of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Paranor mal Activity,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ both social media campaigns have worked and proven that social media is one of the ways forward when it comes to film marketing. Spike Jonze, the director of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Where The Wild Things Areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has recently released a short film titled à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢m Hereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ which is marketed entirely using Facebook. This is a clear indicator to prove the above point that social media is the way forward in terms of film marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and just like Finola Kerrigan states in her book à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Film Marketing,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Online and viral marketing campaigns are now as important as the conventional practices.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? 5.1 Introduction Three interviews were conducted with industry professionals Gary Nadeau (See Appendix 4), Charles Son (See Appendix 5), and Stuart Read (See Appendix 6) who use social media as a way to promote and market their films. The answers from the questions were surprisingly similar, as they all seemed to think that social media has definitely helped them with exposure for their works. The views expressed are personal ones and only subject to the intervieweesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ point of view. 5.2 Interviews After analyzing the interviews, it seems clear that social media is playing a huge role in the professional lives of the filmmakers. This is especially true for independent filmmakers who wouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t really have any other way of reaching such a vast amount of people. For larger production companies, this is not really the case. They can still use social media, but it is not a necessity as it is for independent filmmakers. Also, in a way, social media is the beginning of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"personal brandingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ era for filmmakers. What this means is that the most successful filmmakers are the ones who will be able to brand themselves by creating and building a fan base that they can connect and interact with. This was not possible in the past, but with social media, it is becoming a must amongst filmmakers. Another thing that the interviewees commented on was the fact that social media allows them to share, interact, teach, be taught, and to communicate wit h like-minded people. This is a very interesting point, as it is the true essence of what social media is all about. It is about taking content and making it social. This in return allows for the filmmakers to receive feedback as well as to build their fan base and contact list. Social media is creating a smaller world where distance is no longer an issue, and where everyone has a say. Last but not least, it is fair to conclude that social media in terms of film marketing and promotion is not a passing trend, but rather, an integral part of the way things work. The way in which social media in terms of film marketing and promotion is growing is at an exponential rate. Businesses are being formed around this, and large production companies are trying to find ways to capitalize on it. Social media is facilitating communication, interaction, and is bringing us closer to the filmmakers we admire more than ever. It is closing in on the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Six degrees of separationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã ¢â€ž ¢ and is being seen as a very valuable asset which will most likely continue to dominate and evolve with more and more people making the jump to using social media as a main form of marketing and communication. To conclude, it is proving to be quite popular amongst filmmakers to make the leap to social media for promoting and marketing their works. This is especially true for independent filmmakers who do not have the budget of Hollywood movies. Social media has definitely shown a lot of growth and potential, but it is also fair to understand that this platform is one that is still new and in ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s baby stages. It is hard to predict how social media will continue to help filmmakers promote and market their films. From todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s real world examples, social media is proving to be quite a powerful tool in differentiating a good film from a bad one. Just like Twitter helped spread the word of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"New Moonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, it has also helped to bring down some heavily marketed films. The film à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Brunoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ starring Sacha Baron Cohen, which had a great opening weekend, saw a huge decline in ticket sales after the word spread tha t the movie was not as good as it seemed. This is due to the bad reviews and comments made by individuals using Facebook, Twitter, and other social media networks to express their opinions. This is the first time in history that Hollywood has seen such a large decline of ticket sales in such a short period of time, proving that social media is in fact very affective when it comes to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"word of mouthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ be it good or bad. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Facebook is really the focus for us right now. Something like 70 to 80 percent of frequent moviegoers under 25 visits Facebook seven or eight times a day. In fact, I think marketers are fixated on Facebook because we tend to use it a lot ourselves,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? David Singh, executive VP of creative content for Disney. (https://www.mediazbiz.com/2009/11/13/movie-tv-social-media-marketing/).

Short Story - 991 Words

After barely an hours’ notice, Constance arrived at the town council meeting. Not long after she’d entered the room, the light in her eyes diminished when the Chairman of the Town Council announced that she’d be the new sheriff of Stanton County. Far from thrilled, Constance’s lips tightened. Perhaps, if it were under different circumstances, she would be thrilled, but not like this. Despite her desire to not dwell on the matter, her sister and mother were adamant about celebrating her promotion at Webster’s Bar Grill. By the time they arrived, Webster’s was filled people and music blaring in the background. In her honor, the owner of Webster’s Bar Grill switched the red light out for blinking, white lights. Constance sat with her†¦show more content†¦A dusty, black hat with a silver emblem at the center sat atop his head covering black hair that curved outward from below his ears. He wore a black coat, jeans shirt, and tight, black jeans. He lifted his glass, and drank what was left of his beer and then left the table. The spurs on his boots chimed as he walked up to and opened the door, letting in a gust of wind that lifted the tail of his jacket. He glanced up at the sky and then walked to the far end of the parking lot where a spotted steed neighed upon his approach. He mounted the mare, and they trotted down the path. Relieved and grateful that the celebration was coming to a close. Constance glanced at her watch, it was fifteen minutes to eleven. â€Å"It was fun, but I’m going home. Constance got up and kissed her mother on the cheek, knowing that her mother wouldn’t stay out past 11 PM, but if she didn’t leave now, Claire would find a way to weasel her way out of taking their mother home. Claire’s face soured. â€Å"Good night, Constance.† Charlotte nodded. â€Å"Drive safely.† Constance stepped outside and inhaled the night air. The get-together turned out better than expected. It was nice to see the town folk forgetting their troubles, even if it was for a few hours. Constance went home and spent the rest of the evening in the comfort of her own home. She turned on the television. Entertainment Tonight was the only thing on at that hour featuring the latest trends,Show MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Twins; Identical and Ferternal Free Essays

Kevin Le Mr. Smith Health Period: 5 11 January 2013 Twins; Identical and Fraternal When it comes to people in the Earth twins are interesting to  see. It use  to be  a mystery of how a mother can give birth to more than one baby. We will write a custom essay sample on Twins; Identical and Ferternal or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the past year there are more birth of twins, and more type of multiple births. There are some reasons for a mother to give birth to twins; the first reason is multiple eggs  are released. Another reason is one of the egg  is being released  and then splits into two. When a person thinks about a twin they think of identical twin, but there’s more there are fraternal twin (twins  born  the same day, but don’t look alike. and  there is conjoin  twin (twins  born  out conjoin. ) What is the difference between these three, there is no difference they were all born on the same day, but they have different physical appearance. Fraternal twins are still twins, but different gender one will be a boy and the other will be girl. Lastly the other difference between them and identical twins is that fraternal twins don’t share the same DNA as identical twins. To find out if a mother has a twin a mother  is recommended  to have an ultrasound. In some research it  is said  that during the beginning to the twelfth week of pregnancy there is a risk of having Vanishing Twin Syndrome. This happen when one of baby began to stop growing or neither of the baby is getting  the nutrition from  the mother, and when one of the baby born and the other is  still-born. There are some factors that increase the odd of a mother having twins. The first  reason  is advance age mother from the 30s and 40s have a high chance of having twin because their ovaries are more likely to produce more than one egg at a time. Second reason is mother who have gave birth to a child already each time she is pregnant she has a higher chance each time to have twin. Third  reason  is if she is a twin she has a good chance to have twins, or if one of her sibling gave birth to twin then she will have a good chance to have twin. The last  reason  is African women has the highest chance of having twin while Asian women have a low chance. When having a single baby one of the female ovaries release one egg, and then the egg joins with sperm of the male partner. Then the fertilized egg began to develop a baby. Then when having multiple babies the female ovaries release two eggs at the same time. Then a separate sperm from the male partner began to fertilize with the egg, which will produce twins. When a female is about to give birth to three or more baby the process of it is about  like  when a female giving birth to twins. When about to give birth to twins or being pregnant with one can cause risk and dangers to twins. The major risk of having one was  preterm  labor. Preterm  labor is when the baby is born three to four weeks before the baby  was assigned to  be born. If a mother is concern that she is having  preterm labor  there is sign. The signs are a mother is beginning to have more than five contraction hour. Also the mother began to have contraction  often, and then she is starting having cramp. Another sign is she is having an upset stomach. Lastly her vagina begins to have changes, but also she could begin to vaginal bleeding. It  is told  by doctor that the mother having multiple births that she is aware of the risk or  preterm  labor,  and  the sign of it. Another risk of having a twin is they could have twin-to-twin Transfusion Syndrome. Twin-to-twin Transfusion Syndrome is a disease of the placenta. When in pregnancy the single placenta  is shared between the two twins, during that process abnormal vessel can  have a chance  to develop, then  the connection of  the circulatory system of the twin. After, that it can develop of uneven exchange of blood flow. When that happens between the two babies one of them will give blood to the other one which can risk of or both of the babies’ health. Lastly another risk is the twins can have  Monoamnionic Monochorionic  Twins. This disease occurs when twins  are enclosed  within a single amniotic sac. During the mother pregnancy the twins umbilical cords begins to me tangled, which result in lost of nutrients and oxygen to their body. When that happens there will be no cure, but to give birth to them. When a mother of  Monoamnionic  Monochorionic  twins she is being taking special care, and been watch for possible hospitalization. The good thing is only 1% percent of twin birth will be monoamniotic. The current survival rate for this disease is 60%. While there are risks when having multiple births for the babies, there are some that can endanger the mother’s health. Mothers that gave birth to multiple babies  have a chance  of experiencing gestational diabetes, during the stage of pregnancy. This happen, because when carrying an  extra  baby it  can interferes  with the mother’s body ability to process insulin. The good thing is, it  can be  controlled with a diet, but sometimes the insulin  must be  managed. This will not have an affect to the babies. Another risk is the risk for the mother to have heart problem. Recent study in Canada got sad result for mothers of multiple babies. They found out that mothers that carry two or more babies are thirteen times more likely to  have the experience  of heart failure. Not only that the risk of having a heart attack during their pregnancy stage is nearly quadruple. More research tells that the mothers can have an increase to physiological stress, explaining that each  more  baby raises the level of cardiac output. Lastly the other risk for a mother is they could have  Preeclampsia  and  PIH. When pregnant mother of multiples they could have blood pressure problem. PIH, or Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension,  is diagnosed  when the mother’s blood pressure is measures higher than 140 over 90. It  is recommended that a mother that is pregnant with multiple that they  should check  their blood pressure regularly. There also treatments for this some are, restricted activity, bed rest, and rarely use of medications. Severe cases can result in early delivery. While there is  PIH,  Preeclampsia  it is different. Preeclampsia  effects  in one in three moms giving birth to multiple babies. It could be treated with bed rest or medications, but the mother should closely watch because there potential risk that the mother can have kidney failure, seizures or stroke. The symptoms can usually occur after twentieth week of pregnancy, which  can be  usually found in routine check up. The symptoms are water retention, high blood pressure, proteins in the urine or the mother can began to gain more than two pounds in a week. More severe symptoms  can be  agitation or confusion, the mother begins to have mental change, nausea or vomiting, headaches, fatigue, stomach pain, or breath shortness. It is best is that the mother should contact with a doctor or caretaker if she is experiencing theses symptoms so, she could find a treatments. In the past year there have been interesting things about twins like in 1980, one in every 53 babies  born  are twins. By 2009 the number has increase to one in thirty. Another interesting thing is male twins will never  have a chance  to have twins unless their wives can the ability to produce two eggs. Also identical twins share the same DNA, but what is interesting is that they don’t share the same fingerprints. It is found that 22% of twins are born  left-handed, while it is 10% for a single baby. A mother that  before gave birth to fraternal twins has a three to four times to give birth to another set of twins. Nigeria has the highest rate of multiple births, while in China they have the lowest rate the average in one in three hundreds babies. Study has shown that a  woman who  is vegan has five times less likely to have twins than to a woman who eats meat. A study in Padova, Italy found out that the babies began to interact at fourteen weeks. Lastly 40% of twins invent their own language. In the past years twins were fascinated, but now they are not as much fascinated since the birth of twins has increase. Not only the birth has increase, but also there has been diseases found in twins. Identical, fraternal, and conjoin yes they are all different twin, but all three has something common. How to cite Twins; Identical and Ferternal, Essay examples

What Qualities Should an Effective Leader Possess free essay sample

What qualities should an effective leader possess? l suppose leadership at one time meant muscles; but today it means getting along with people. The pre-eminent spiritual leader of India, Mohandas K. Gandhi, tells us what leadership really is being a people person. Leaders are not those who achieve success by underhand methods, but they are the ones that understand his followers before undertaking the difficult Job of leadership. Certain qualities are necessary to help effective leaders understand their followers, such as impartiality, effective ommunication and teamwork. One characteristic that a truly effective leader should possess is impartiality. As a leader, acting in an impartial and equitable way basically means being fair and equal in the treatment for all in terms of rewards. Well, what is so important about being fair? Impartiality is the key to trust, and trust is the cement which holds an organisation or country together. Imagine a CEO of a company promoting only the pretty ones, not because they put in effort, but for their looks, leaving out those who may look more unique but worked hard. We will write a custom essay sample on What Qualities Should an Effective Leader Possess? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How would those who put in much effort but not getting promoted feel? Betrayed, discriminated and marginalised. Many would eventually quit and Join a different company. On the other hand, being impartial can stir up more positive feelings among followers. Many would feel the peace and ease putting all their trust into their leaders hands. However, being impartial is tougher than it seems on the surface. What we think of as acting in a fair manner may not be perceived by others as fair. This is why many cannot become an effective leader. The second quality all effective leaders should possess is effective communication. There is a fine line between communication and commanding. Communication is a two-way thing, whereas commanding is a do-it-or- leave-it thing. Many individuals dislike getting commanded for one simple reason: they do not have a choice, whether they like it or not. Communication is the bulldozer that breaks the barrier between a leader and his followers. By understanding and listening, a leader can build relationships between a leader and his followers and aybe boost their confidence. With good working relationships, a leader can work towards his goals with his followers much more easily. The final and most important skill effective leaders should learn is to think teamwork. A leader cannot achieve total success all by himself. I believe that the well-known pyramid model of an organisation, with its leader at the very top, is false. Everyone in that organisation is supposedly equal; they are Just doing different Jobs at different levels of difficulty, but still working towards the same goals. Effective leaders should understand that teamwork is essential and start getting involved and in touch with his followers. They must understand that l cannot survive without them and vice versa. They should think in terms of We and not l. Trust, relationships and teamwork are all essential for everything to work well. All effective leaders should know the basic and important skills to be able to lead the organisation or country. Without learning these skills, leaders can rarely be deemed effective. Thus, never stop learning, and with these

Free Essays on Hatshepsut - The Woman Who Was Pharaoah

The Woman who was Pharaoh Hatshepsut, one of the ancient world’s most beautiful and intelligent women, is remembered as being the first woman to become King of Ancient Egypt. A woman of strong character, she acted as co-regent of Ancient Egypt for 20 years and worked hard to vastly improve the lives of all of her people. Her influence on the politics, trade, architecture and war during this time was immeasurable in the eyes and hearts of all who knew her and knew of her. Ancient Egypt was a peaceful civilization while Hatshepsut sat in the throne, dressed as a man to gather the admiration of her people. Peace rather than war found its way into Egyptian’s lives as they lived in harmony rather than tragedy. Tuthmosis III whom she shared the throne with led the army while she ruled the land. Wars were always businesslike and informative. This plan of attack resulted in no major wars while Hatshepsut was pharaoh. However, the forces were maintained efficiently despite the peaceful dent it carried. Many thousands of Egyptians lives were saved due to these 20 years of peace due to Hatshepsut’s keen political skills and her ability to jump every hurdle that came in her way. Hatshepsut ordered many trading expeditions during her time as King, which enabled Egyptians to live in domestic prosperity. Trade became an important part of her policy and many products returned in these expeditions can still be identified today in these lands. One of the most infamous trade expeditions was her voyage to Punt. Five ships sailed the Red Sea to Punt (now known as Somalia) with goods to exchange with the native people of Punt. Historians know of this voyage as the painted scenes of the expedition are seen today on the walls of her temple at Deir el-Bahri. Hatshepsut returned to Egypt with her ships carrying products Egyptians desired as dictated by the God Amon. The boats were laden with myrrh, frankincense, woods, resin, ivory... Free Essays on Hatshepsut - The Woman Who Was Pharaoah Free Essays on Hatshepsut - The Woman Who Was Pharaoah The Woman who was Pharaoh Hatshepsut, one of the ancient world’s most beautiful and intelligent women, is remembered as being the first woman to become King of Ancient Egypt. A woman of strong character, she acted as co-regent of Ancient Egypt for 20 years and worked hard to vastly improve the lives of all of her people. Her influence on the politics, trade, architecture and war during this time was immeasurable in the eyes and hearts of all who knew her and knew of her. Ancient Egypt was a peaceful civilization while Hatshepsut sat in the throne, dressed as a man to gather the admiration of her people. Peace rather than war found its way into Egyptian’s lives as they lived in harmony rather than tragedy. Tuthmosis III whom she shared the throne with led the army while she ruled the land. Wars were always businesslike and informative. This plan of attack resulted in no major wars while Hatshepsut was pharaoh. However, the forces were maintained efficiently despite the peaceful dent it carried. Many thousands of Egyptians lives were saved due to these 20 years of peace due to Hatshepsut’s keen political skills and her ability to jump every hurdle that came in her way. Hatshepsut ordered many trading expeditions during her time as King, which enabled Egyptians to live in domestic prosperity. Trade became an important part of her policy and many products returned in these expeditions can still be identified today in these lands. One of the most infamous trade expeditions was her voyage to Punt. Five ships sailed the Red Sea to Punt (now known as Somalia) with goods to exchange with the native people of Punt. Historians know of this voyage as the painted scenes of the expedition are seen today on the walls of her temple at Deir el-Bahri. Hatshepsut returned to Egypt with her ships carrying products Egyptians desired as dictated by the God Amon. The boats were laden with myrrh, frankincense, woods, resin, ivory...

Biography of Frances Willard, Temperance Leader

Biography of Frances Willard, Temperance Leader Frances Willard (September 28, 1839–February 17, 1898) was one of the best-known and most influential women of her day and headed  the Womens Christian Temperance Union from 1879 to 1898. She was also the first dean of women at Northwestern University.  Her image  appeared on a 1940 postage stamp and she was the  first woman represented in Statuary Hall at the U.S. Capitol Building. Fast Facts: Frances Willard Known For: Womens rights and temperance leaderAlso Known As: Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard, St. FrancesBorn: September 28, 1839 in Churchville, New YorkParents: Josiah Flint Willard, Mary Thompson Hill WillardDied: February 17, 1898 in New York CityEducation: Northwestern Female CollegePublished Works:  Woman and temperance, or the work and workers of the Womans Christian Temperance Union, Glimpses of fifty years: The autobiography of an American woman, Do everything: A handbook for the worlds white ribboners, How to Win: A Book for Girls, Woman in the Pulpit, A Wheel within a Wheel: How I Learned to Ride the BicycleAwards and Honors:  Namesake for many schools and organizations; named to the National Womens Hall of FameNotable Quote: If women can organize missionary societies, temperance societies, and every kind of charitable organization...why not permit them to be ordained to preach the Gospel and administer the sacraments of the Church? Early Life Frances Willard was born on September 28, 1839, in Churchville, New York, a farming community. When she was 3, the family moved to Oberlin, Ohio, so that her father could study for the ministry at Oberlin College. In 1846 the family moved again, this time to Janesville, Wisconsin, for her fathers health. Wisconsin became a state in 1848, and Josiah Flint Willard, Frances father, was a member of the legislature. There, while Frances lived on a family farm in the West, her brother was her playmate and companion. Frances Willard dressed as a boy and was known to friends as Frank. She preferred to avoid womens work such as housework, preferring more active play. Frances Willards mother had also been educated at Oberlin College, in a time when few women studied at the college level. Frances mother educated her children at home until the town of Janesville established its own schoolhouse in 1883. Frances, in her turn, enrolled in the Milwaukee Seminary, a respected school for women teachers. Her father wanted her to transfer to a Methodist school, so Frances and her sister Mary went to Evanston College for Ladies in Illinois. Her brother studied at Garrett Biblical Institute in Evanston, preparing for the Methodist ministry. Her entire family moved at that time to Evanston.  Frances graduated in 1859 as valedictorian.   Romance? In 1861, Frances got engaged to Charles H. Fowler, then a divinity student, but she broke off the engagement the next year despite pressure from her parents and brother.  She wrote later in her autobiography, referring to her own journal notes at the time of the breaking of the engagement, In 1861 to 62, for three-quarters of a year I wore a ring and acknowledged an allegiance based on the supposition that an intellectual comradeship was sure to deepen into a unity of heart. How grieved I was over the discovery of my mistake the journals of that epoch could reveal.  She was, she said in her journal at the time, afraid of her future if she did not marry, and she was unsure shed find another man to marry. Her autobiography reveals that there was a real romance of my life, saying that she would be glad to have it known only after her death, for I believe it might contribute to a better understanding between good men and women.  It may be that her romantic interest was in a teacher who she describes in her journals; if so, the relationship may have been broken up by the jealousy of a female friend. Teaching Career Frances Willard taught at a variety of institutions for almost 10 years, while her diary records her thinking about womens rights and what role she could play in the world in making a difference for women. Frances Willard went on a world tour with her friend Kate Jackson in 1868 and returned to Evanston to become head of Northwestern Female College, her alma mater under its new name. After that school merged into Northwestern University as the Womans College of that university, Frances Willard was appointed Dean of Women of the Womans College in 1871 and a professor of Aesthetics in the Universitys Liberal Arts college. In 1873, she attended the National Womens Congress and made connections with many womens rights activists on the East Coast. Womens Christian Temperance Union By 1874, Willards ideas had clashed with those of the university president, Charles H. Fowler, the same man to whom she had been engaged in 1861. The conflicts escalated, and in March 1874, Frances Willard chose to leave the university.  She had become involved in temperance work and accepted the job of president of the Chicago Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). She became the corresponding secretary of the Illinois WCTU in October of that year. The following month while attending the national WCTU convention as a Chicago delegate, she became the corresponding secretary of the national WCTU, a position that required frequent travel and speaking. From 1876, she also headed up the WCTU publications committee. Willard was also associated briefly with evangelist Dwight Moody, although she was disappointed when she realized he only wanted her to speak to women. In 1877, she resigned as president of the Chicago organization. Willard had come into some conflict with national WCTU president Annie Wittenmyer over Willards push to get the organization to endorse woman suffrage as well as temperance, and so Willard also resigned from her positions with the national WCTU. Willard began lecturing for woman suffrage. In 1878, Willard won the presidency of the Illinois WCTU, and the next year, she became president of the national WCTU, following Annie Wittenmyer. Willard remained president of the national WCTU until her death. In 1883, Frances Willard was one of the founders of the Worlds WCTU. She supported herself with lecturing until 1886, when the WCTU granted her a salary. Frances Willard also participated in the founding of the National Council of Women in 1888 and served one year as its first president. Organizing Women As head of the first national organization in America for women, Frances Willard endorsed the idea that the organization should do everything. That meant to work not only for temperance, but also for womens suffrage, social purity (protecting young girls and other women sexually by raising the age of consent, establishing rape laws, holding male customers equally responsible for prostitution violations, etc.), and other social reforms. In fighting for temperance, she depicted the liquor industry as ridden with crime and corruption. She described men who drank alcohol as victims for succumbing to the temptations of liquor. Women, who had few legal rights to divorce, child custody, and financial stability, were described as the ultimate victims of liquor. But Willard did not see women primarily as victims. While coming from a separate spheres vision of society and valuing womens contributions as homemakers and child educators as equal to mens in the public sphere, she also promoted womens right to choose to participate in the public sphere. She endorsed womens right to become ministers and preachers as well. Frances Willard remained a staunch Christian, rooting her reform ideas in her faith. She disagreed with the criticism of religion and the Bible by other suffragists like Elizabeth Cady Stanton, though Willard continued to work with such critics on other issues. Racism Controversy In the 1890s, Willard tried to gain support in the white community for temperance by raising fears that alcohol and black mobs were a threat to white womanhood.  Ida B. Wells, the great anti-lynching advocate, had shown by documentation that most lynchings were defended by such myths of attacks on white women, while the motivations were usually instead economic competition. Lynch denounced Willards comments as racist and debated her on a trip to England in 1894. Significant Friendships Lady Somerset of England was a close friend of Frances Willard, and Willard spent time at her home resting from her work. Anna Gordon was Willards private secretary and her living and traveling companion for her last 22 years. Gordon succeeded to the presidency of the Worlds WCTU when Frances died. She mentions a secret love in her diaries, but it was never revealed who the person was. Death While preparing to leave for New England in New York City, Willard contracted influenza and died on February 17, 1898. (Some sources point to pernicious anemia, the source of several years of ill health.) Her death was met with national mourning: flags in New York, Washington, D.C., and Chicago were flown at half-staff, and thousands attended services where the train with her remains stopped on its way back to Chicago and her burial in Rosehill Cemetery. Legacy A rumor for many years was that Frances Willards letters had been destroyed by her companion Anna Gordon at or before Willards death.  But her diaries, though lost for many years, were rediscovered in the 1980s in a cupboard at the Frances E. Willard Memorial Library at the Evanston headquarters of the NWCTU.  Also found there were letters and many scrapbooks that had not been known until then.  Her journals and diaries number 40 volumes, which has provided a wealth of primary resource material for biographers.  The journals cover her younger years (age 16 to 31) and two of her later years (ages 54 and 57). Sources â€Å"Biography.†Ã‚  Frances Willard House Museum Archives.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Frances Willard.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 14 Feb. 2019.

Discussion and Participation Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion and Participation Questions - Essay Example Another factor to consider is the quantity of philanthropic work companies performed. In order to foster an ethical work environment companies should have a formal code of ethics and an employee manual. Ethics can be used as a factor to gain an advantage over the competition. Social responsibility is one of the hottest trends in the business industry. 2. A company that has achieved great success and incredible levels of growth is Starbucks Cafe. This company took the concept of a coffeehouse to brand new level by offering products of greater quality, great product variety, and excellent customer service. One of the practices that make this company very socially responsible is its use of fair trade coffee. Fair trade coffee is a practice that guarantees poor farmers across the world at least $1.26 per pound of coffee which is twice the global price of that commodity. This firm has used innovation such as being one of the first coffeehouse to offer Wi-Fi broadband internet free of char ge. The firm has taken advantage of technologies to sell downloadable I-tunes. The company offers a lot of value by providing its customers with a great experience in all its stores worldwide. 3. To me it is not out of the ordinary that customization has become as valuable as standardization was at the beginning of the 20th century. Business has change and companies now have to provide a higher level of customer service and satisfaction. If a customer desires a customized product companies cannot afford to say no because that client will be lost forever and the competition will provide the potential client the customized product or service the person needs. In the service industry customization has become more important than ever. For example consultants provide a specialized customized service to each client they serve. 4. Participation professor Corporate values are very important towards the success a manager can achieve. A few years ago I worked at a company that was lacking any type of corporate ethics. The manager of the company lied to workers about compensation, incentives, and production quotas among other matters. The employees were offered incentives and the company never honored them. The lies and corruption at this company were so deep that the firm began to steal hours from the workers and the paychecks were received two to three weeks late every pay cycle. The lack of corporate ethics did not allow some of the good supervisors to do their job well since the employees lost all respect they had for the administration. 5. Participation – Matt An environmental factor of great importance that you mentioned in your response is pollution. Pollution has become one of the most dangerous environmental factors humanity faces. The rising levels of CO2 are contributing to the global warming effect. Humanity is destroying our rainforest at an alarming rate. It is estimated humanity deforestation problem is so bad that at current rate of deforestation a ll our rainforest will be gone within 100 years. Our water supply is not sufficient to provide water for the entire population of earth. In places such as the Sub-Saharan desert people do not have accessible drinkable water. Our society is so depend on crude oil that within 40 years it is possible that we may dried up all our petroleum reserves. 6. Participation - Kershena In your response you mentioned the importance of free trade agreements. Free trade agreement

Henry Clay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Henry Clay - Essay Example as Senator from Kentucky (1806-1807); came back to the State House of Representatives (1807-1809) and in 1810 he came back to the Senate and served until 1811 (Clay 1852, 87). He was the pioneer of a group of Congressmen known as the War Hawks when he was a U.S. Agent and Speaker of the House from 1811 to 1814. According to Kelly (2002), Henry went ahead to serve as a U.S. Delegate, and again as the Speaker of the House. Henry distinction as a compromiser originated from his contribution with the Missouri Compromise, the Comprise Tariff of 1833, and the Compromise of 1850 (Clay 1852, 87). Henrys father passed on in 1781; the year British and supporter warriors attacked the region and plundered the Clay home (Clay and Ellis 1910, 15). After ten years, his mother remarried and his stepfather moved the family to Richmond, where he filled in as an agent in the store. Afterward, from 1793 to 1797, he served as a secretary to George Wythe, chancellor of the High Court of Chancery. Henry had minimal general knowledge, though he read in Wythes library and figured out how to capitalize on inadequate data. He moved to Lexington, Ky., in November 1797 and made the notoriety for being a legal counselor. Henry and Lucretia Hart tied a knot in 1799 and were lucky to have 11 kids. Henry Clays life and political vocation assumed a vital part in the progressions made in the state of Kentucky, and in addition the country. His handle, "The Great Compromiser," was given to him based on his arrangement and trading off aptitudes. Henry led a careless life as he was a drunkard and a gambler during the time for his high stakes; this did not ruin an open profession in this youthful American, and he had properties that served him well on legislative issues (Clay 1852, 57). Adams, who had watched him closely, said Clay was "half-taught" yet included that the world had been his school and that he had "the entire ideas imperative to a famous man." Clay was chosen to Kentucky state assembly

New York 1939-1940 - Trylon and Perisphere :: Architecture History

New York 1939-1940 - Trylon and Perisphere As the 1939 New York World's Fair was divided into many different thematic zones, its planners wanted a central symbol for this event. The original idea was to have a theme center, with twin 250 feet towers and a semicircular hall to display dioramas. Wallace K. Harrison, a prominent New York architect of the Harrison Fouilhoux firm, was selected to design the theme center in November 1936. Harrison wanted a design that would represent a new architecture concept. In his own words, "we found ourselves constantly referring to the domes and campaniles of Venice, perhaps because the flat country and water of the Fair grounds are very like that of the site of Venice and in addition the sky color of New York is practically the same." (Newhouse,82) The idea of a large dome was a starting point for all further designs, and many different ideas were initially developed. There were plans to use a sphere that was suspended by steel cables, giving it a light, airy feel as well as a large balloon , anchored by steel cables and accessible by elevator. A spherical design was not a new idea, however. An earlier example of such a design was proposed by Etienne-Louis Boullà ©e in his project for Newton's Cenotaph in 1783, featuring a huge sphere at the center. In the end a design that featured a sphere 200 feet in diameter raised on pillars was selected. Despite its huge dimensions, with a 200-foot diameter, it was hard to grasp the exact scale of the sphere. Harrison and his design team finally came up with the idea of using a tall spike to frame the sphere, but there was still the problem of placing the two in relation with each other. They found inspiration from drawings by a Soviet constructivist architect named Jacob Tchernikhov, which represented two large spheres connected to a tall spike by way of a ramp. The final design had emerged. It included the Perisphere, a 200 foot spherical exhibit building, the Trylon, a 700 foot tall three sided obelisk, and the Helicline , a 950 foot circular ramp which connected the two and allowed visitors to exit. However the final dimensions of the building was reduced from the original values to a 180 foot sphere and a 610 foot spike due to budget limitations, which threw off the carefully calculated proportions. The Perisphere was elevated from the ground by five steel pillars, and rested over a large reflecting pool.